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features description tl494 pulse-width-modulation control circuits slvs074e ? january 1983 ? revised february 2005 complete pwm power-control circuitry uncommitted outputs for 200-ma sink or source current output control selects single-ended or push-pull operation internal circuitry prohibits double pulse at either output variable dead time provides control over total range internal regulator provides a stable 5-v reference supply with 5% tolerance circuit architecture allows easy synchronization the tl494 incorporates all the functions required in the construction of a pulse-width-modulation (pwm) control circuit on a single chip. designed primarily for power-supply control, this device offers the flexibility to tailor the power-supply control circuitry to a specific application. the tl494 contains two error amplifiers, an on-chip adjustable oscillator, a dead-time control (dtc) comparator, a pulse-steering control flip-flop, a 5-v, 5%-precision regulator, and output-control circuits. the error amplifiers exhibit a common-mode voltage range from ?0.3 v to v cc ? 2 v. the dead-time control comparator has a fixed offset that provides approximately 5% dead time. the on-chip oscillator can be bypassed by terminating rt to the reference output and providing a sawtooth input to ct, or it can drive the common circuits in synchronous multiple-rail power supplies. the uncommitted output transistors provide either common-emitter or emitter-follower output capability. the tl494 provides for push-pull or single-ended output operation, which can be selected through the output-control function. the architecture of this device prohibits the possibility of either output being pulsed twice during push-pull operation. the tl494c is characterized for operation from 0 c to 70 c. the tl494i is characterized for operation from ?40 c to 85 c. available options packaged devices (1) shrink small thin shrink t a small outline plastic dip small outline outline small outline (d) (n) (ns) (db) (pw) 0 c to 70 c tl494cd tl494cn tl494cns tl494cdb TL494CPW ?40 c to 85 c tl494id tl494in ? ? ? (1) the d, db, ns, and pw packages are available taped and reeled. add the suffix r to device type (e.g., tl494cdr). please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of texas instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. production data information is current as of publication date. copyright ? 1983?2005, texas instruments incorporated products conform to specifications per the terms of the texas instruments standard warranty. production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. www .ti.com 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 1615 14 13 12 1 1 10 9 1in+ 1in? feedback dtc ct r t gnd c1 2in+2in? ref output ctrl v c c c2e2 e1 d, db, n, ns, or pw p ackage (t op view)
tl494 pulse-width-modulation control circuits slvs074e ? january 1983 ? revised february 2005 function table input to output function output ctrl v i = gnd single-ended or parallel output v i = v ref normal push-pull operation functional block diagram 2 www .ti.com gnd v c c reference regulator c1 pulse-steering flip-flop c1 1d dtc ct rt pwm comparator + ? error amplifier 1 0.1 v dead-t ime control comparator oscillator output ctrl (see function t able) 0.7 ma e1c2 e2 + ? error amplifier 2 1in+ 1in? 2in+ 2in? feedback ref 65 4 1 2 16 15 3 13 89 1 1 1012 14 7 q1q2 0.7 v
absolute maximum ratings (1) recommended operating conditions tl494 pulse-width-modulation control circuits slvs074e ? january 1983 ? revised february 2005 over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) min max unit v cc supply voltage (2) 41 v v i amplifier input voltage v cc + 0.3 v v o collector output voltage 41 v i o collector output current 250 ma d package 73 db package 82 q ja package thermal impedance (3) (4) n package 67 c/w ns package 64 pw package 108 lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds 260 c t stg storage temperature range ?65 150 c (1) stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. (2) all voltages are with respect to the network ground terminal. (3) maximum power disipation is a function of t j (max), q ja , and t a . the maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperatire is p d = (t j (max) ? t a )/ q ja . operating at the absolute maximum t j of 150 c can affect reliability. (4) the package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with jesd 51-7. min max unit v cc supply voltage 7 40 v v i amplifier input voltage ?0.3 v cc ? 2 v v o collector output voltage 40 v collector output current (each transistor) 200 ma current into feedback terminal 0.3 ma f osc oscillator frequency 1 300 khz c t timing capacitor 0.47 10000 nf r t timing resistor 1.8 500 k w tl494c 0 70 t a operating free-air temperature c tl494i ?40 85 3 www .ti.com
electrical characteristics reference section oscillator section error-amplifier section tl494 pulse-width-modulation control circuits slvs074e ? january 1983 ? revised february 2005 over recommended operating free-air temperature range, v cc = 15 v, f = 10 khz (unless otherwise noted) tl494c, tl494i parameter test conditions (1) unit min typ (2) max output voltage (ref) i o = 1 ma 4.75 5 5.25 v input regulation v cc = 7 v to 40 v 2 25 mv output regulation i o = 1 ma to 10 ma 1 15 mv output voltage change with temperature d t a = min to max 2 10 mv/v short-circuit output current (3) ref = 0 v 25 ma (1) for conditions shown as min or max, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions. (2) all typical values, except for parameter changes with temperature, are at t a = 25 c. (3) duration of short circuit should not exceed one second. c t = 0.01 m f, r t = 12 k w (see figure 1 ) tl494c, tl494i parameter test conditions (1) unit min typ (2) max frequency 10 khz standard deviation of frequency (3) all values of v cc , c t , r t , and t a constant 100 hz/khz frequency change with voltage v cc = 7 v to 40 v, t a = 25 c 1 hz/khz frequency change with temperature (4) d t a = min to max 10 hz/khz (1) for conditions shown as min or max, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions. (2) all typical values, except for parameter changes with temperature, are at t a = 25 c. (3) standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula: (4) temperature coefficient of timing capacitor and timing resistor are not taken into account. see figure 2 tl494c, tl494i parameter test conditions unit min typ (1) max input offset voltage v o (feedback) = 2.5 v 2 10 mv input offset current v o (feedback) = 2.5 v 25 250 na input bias current v o (feedback) = 2.5 v 0.2 1 m a ?0.3 to common-mode input voltage range v cc = 7 v to 40 v v v cc ? 2 open-loop voltage amplification d v o = 3 v, v o = 0.5 v to 3.5 v, r l = 2 k w 70 95 db unity-gain bandwidth v o = 0.5 v to 3.5 v, r l = 2 k w 800 khz common-mode rejection ratio d v o = 40 v, t a = 25 c 65 80 db output sink current (feedback) v id = ?15 mv to ?5 v, v (feedback) = 0.7 v 0.3 0.7 ma output source current (feedback) v id = 15 mv to 5 v, v (feedback) = 3.5 v ?2 ma (1) all typical values, except for parameter changes with temperature, are at t a = 25 c. 4 www .ti.com n n 1 ( x n x ) 2 n 1
electrical characteristics output section dead-time control section pwm comparator section total device switching characteristics tl494 pulse-width-modulation control circuits slvs074e ? january 1983 ? revised february 2005 over recommended operating free-air temperature range, v cc = 15 v, f = 10 khz (unless otherwise noted) parameter test conditions min typ (1) max unit collector off-state current v ce = 40 v, v cc = 40 v 2 100 m a emitter off-state current v cc = v c = 40 v, v e = 0 ?100 m a common emitter v e = 0, i c = 200 ma 1.1 1.3 collector-emitter saturation voltage v emitter follower v o(c1 or c2) = 15 v, i e = ?200 ma 1.5 2.5 output control input current v i = v ref 3.5 ma (1) all typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at t a = 25 c. see figure 1 parameter test conditions min typ (1) max unit input bias current (dead-time ctrl) v i = 0 to 5.25 v ?2 ?10 m a v i (dead-time ctrl) = 0, c t = 0.01 m f, maximum duty cycle, each output 45 % r t = 12 k w zero duty cycle 3 3.3 input threshold voltage (dead-time ctrl) v maximum duty cycle 0 (1) all typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at t a = 25 c. see figure 1 parameter test conditions min typ (1) max unit input threshold voltage (feedback) zero duty cyle 4 4.5 v input sink current (feedback) v (feedback) = 0.7 v 0.3 0.7 ma (1) all typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at t a = 25 c. parameter test conditions min typ (1) max unit v cc = 15 v 6 10 r t = v ref , standby supply current ma all other inputs and outputs open v cc = 40 v 9 15 average supply current v i (dead-time ctrl) = 2 v, see figure 1 7.5 ma (1) all typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at t a = 25 c. t a = 25 c parameter test conditions min typ (1) max unit rise time 100 200 ns common-emitter configuration, see figure 3 fall time 25 100 ns rise time 100 200 ns emitter-follower configuration, see figure 4 fall time 40 100 ns (1) all typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at t a = 25 c. 5 www .ti.com
parameter measurement information tl494 pulse-width-modulation control circuits slvs074e ? january 1983 ? revised february 2005 figure 1. operational test circuit and waveforms 6 www .ti.com t est inputs dtc feedbackrt ct gnd 50 k w 12 k w 0.01 m f v c c ref outputctrl e2 c2 e1 c1 output 1output 2 150 w 2 w 150 w 2 w v c c = 15 v test circuit 1in+ v c c v c c 0 v 0 v v oltage at c1 v oltage at c2 v oltage at ct dtc feedback 0 v 0.7 v 0% max 0% threshold v oltage threshold v oltage vol t age w a veforms duty cycle erroramplifiers 7 14 12 89 1 1 10 43 6 5 1 2 16 15 13 1in? 2in? 2in+
parameter measurement information tl494 pulse-width-modulation control circuits slvs074e ? january 1983 ? revised february 2005 figure 2. amplifier characteristics figure 3. common-emitter configuration figure 4. emitter-follower configuration 7 www .ti.com + ? + ? v i v r e f feedback amplifier under t est other amplifier output each outputcircuit 68 w 2 w 15 v c l = 15 pf (see note a) 90% 10% 90% 10% t f t r test circuit output vol t age w a veform note a: c l includes probe and jig capacitance. output each outputcircuit 68 w 2 w 15 v c l = 15 pf (see note a) 90% 10% 90% 10% t f t r test circuit output vol t age w a veform note a: c l includes probe and jig capacitance.
typical characteristics tl494 pulse-width-modulation control circuits slvs074e ? january 1983 ? revised february 2005 figure 5. figure 6. 8 www .ti.com df = 1% 2 4010 100 1 k 4 k 10 k 40 k 100 k 400 k 1 m f ? oscillator frequency and frequency v ariation ? hz oscilla t or frequency and frequency v aria tion 2 vs timing resist ance 400 1 k 4 k 10 k 40 k 100 k r t ? t iming resistance ? w 0.1 m f ?2% ?1% 0% 0.01 m f 0.001 m f v c c = 15 v t a = 25 c c t = 1 m f 2 frequency variation ( d f) is the change in oscillator frequency that occurs over the full temperature range. 10 0 100 20 1 10 100 1 m a ? amplifier v oltage amplification ? db 30 f ? frequency ? hz amplifier vol t age amplifica tion vs frequency 1 k v c c = 15 v d v o = 3 v t a = 25 c 10 k 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 k
packaging information orderable device status (1) package type package drawing pins package qty eco plan (2) lead/ball finish msl peak temp (3) tl494cd active soic d 16 40 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494cdbr active ssop db 16 2000 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494cdbre4 active ssop db 16 2000 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494cde4 active soic d 16 40 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494cdr active soic d 16 2500 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494cdre4 active soic d 16 2500 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494cj obsolete cdip j 16 tbd call ti call ti tl494cn active pdip n 16 25 pb-free (rohs) cu nipdau level-nc-nc-nc tl494cne4 active pdip n 16 25 pb-free (rohs) cu nipdau level-nc-nc-nc tl494cnsr active so ns 16 2000 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494cnsrg4 active so ns 16 2000 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim TL494CPW active tssop pw 16 90 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim TL494CPWg4 active tssop pw 16 90 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim TL494CPWle obsolete tssop pw 16 tbd call ti call ti TL494CPWr active tssop pw 16 2000 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim TL494CPWrg4 active tssop pw 16 2000 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494id active soic d 16 40 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494ide4 active soic d 16 40 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494idr active soic d 16 2500 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494idre4 active soic d 16 2500 green (rohs & no sb/br) cu nipdau level-1-260c-unlim tl494in active pdip n 16 25 pb-free (rohs) cu nipdau level-nc-nc-nc tl494ine4 active pdip n 16 25 pb-free (rohs) cu nipdau level-nc-nc-nc tl494mj obsolete cdip j 16 tbd call ti call ti tl494mjb obsolete cdip j 16 tbd call ti call ti (1) the marketing status values are defined as follows: active: product device recommended for new designs. lifebuy: ti has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. nrnd: not recommended for new designs. device is in production to support existing customers, but ti does not recommend using this part in a new design. package option addendum www.ti.com 17-oct-2005 addendum-page 1
preview: device has been announced but is not in production. samples may or may not be available. obsolete: ti has discontinued the production of the device. (2) eco plan - the planned eco-friendly classification: pb-free (rohs) or green (rohs & no sb/br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. tbd: the pb-free/green conversion plan has not been defined. pb-free (rohs): ti's terms "lead-free" or "pb-free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current rohs requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, ti pb-free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. green (rohs & no sb/br): ti defines "green" to mean pb-free (rohs compatible), and free of bromine (br) and antimony (sb) based flame retardants (br or sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) msl, peak temp. -- the moisture sensitivity level rating according to the jedec industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. important information and disclaimer: the information provided on this page represents ti's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. ti bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. ti has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. ti and ti suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus cas numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. in no event shall ti's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the ti part(s) at issue in this document sold by ti to customer on an annual basis. package option addendum www.ti.com 17-oct-2005 addendum-page 2

mechanical data msso002e ? january 1995 ? revised december 2001 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 db (r-pdso-g**) plastic small-outline 4040065 /e 12/01 28 pins shown gage plane 8,20 7,40 0,55 0,95 0,25 38 12,90 12,30 28 10,50 24 8,50 seating plane 9,90 7,90 30 10,50 9,90 0,38 5,60 5,00 15 0,22 14 a 28 1 20 16 6,50 6,50 14 0,05 min 5,90 5,90 dim a max a min pins ** 2,00 max 6,90 7,50 0,65 m 0,15 0 ? 8 0,10 0,09 0,25 notes: a. all linear dimensions are in millimeters. b. this drawing is subject to change without notice. c. body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion not to exceed 0,15. d. falls within jedec mo-150
mechanical data mtss001c january 1995 revised february 1999 post office box 655303 ? dallas, texas 75265 pw (r-pdso-g**) plastic small-outline package 14 pins shown 0,65 m 0,10 0,10 0,25 0,50 0,75 0,15 nom gage plane 28 9,80 9,60 24 7,90 7,70 20 16 6,60 6,40 4040064/f 01/97 0,30 6,60 6,20 8 0,19 4,30 4,50 7 0,15 14 a 1 1,20 max 14 5,10 4,90 8 3,10 2,90 a max a min dim pins ** 0,05 4,90 5,10 seating plane 0 8 notes: a. all linear dimensions are in millimeters. b. this drawing is subject to change without notice. c. body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion not to exceed 0,15. d. falls within jedec mo-153
important notice texas instruments incorporated and its subsidiaries (ti) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. all products are sold subject to ti?s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. ti warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with ti?s standard warranty. testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent ti deems necessary to support this warranty. except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. ti assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. customers are responsible for their products and applications using ti components. to minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards. ti does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any ti patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other ti intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which ti products or services are used. information published by ti regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license from ti to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof. use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party, or a license from ti under the patents or other intellectual property of ti. reproduction of information in ti data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice. ti is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation. resale of ti products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by ti for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated ti product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. ti is not responsible or liable for any such statements. following are urls where you can obtain information on other texas instruments products and application solutions: products applications amplifiers amplifier.ti.com audio www.ti.com/audio data converters dataconverter.ti.com automotive www.ti.com/automotive dsp dsp.ti.com broadband www.ti.com/broadband interface interface.ti.com digital control www.ti.com/digitalcontrol logic logic.ti.com military www.ti.com/military power mgmt power.ti.com optical networking www.ti.com/opticalnetwork microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com security www.ti.com/security telephony www.ti.com/telephony video & imaging www.ti.com/video wireless www.ti.com/wireless mailing address: texas instruments post office box 655303 dallas, texas 75265 copyright ? 2005, texas instruments incorporated

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